The "forever chemicals" per- and polyfluoroalkyl compounds (PFAS) were found in 68 of 229 everyday consumer goods that claim to be grease-free, waterproof and dirt-repellent tested by the Testachats consumer protection association.
Testachats and eight other consumer organisations analysed 229 products, such as kitchen textiles (such as tablecloths and aprons), home textiles (such as pillows), but also health products (such as dental floss), menstrual underwear and products that come into contact with food (such as microwave popcorn bags and baking paper).
"We found products containing PFAS in almost every category. The only exceptions were waterproof mattress protectors and oven gloves," said Testachats spokesperson Laura Clays. "The results show that the use of PFAS is not necessary in the production of the goods examined, as PFAS-free alternatives can be found in every product category."
Blood tests for PFAS. Credit: Belga / Jonas Roosens
Testachats calls on national authorities to carry out more checks and ensure that current regulations are complied with. In addition to checks, the organisation believes that there is an urgent need for a stricter legal framework.
"We advocate a ban on PFAS in all products for which these substances are not essential. Our research showed that alternative substances and techniques exist for certain product classes, such as cosmetics. Some manufacturers already use these," said Clays.
Manufacturers must transparently indicate whether or not their product contains PFAS. "If companies work with an alternative, it must be clear which alternative it is and sufficient research must be done to determine whether it is safe enough for health and the environment."
France recently introduced a ban on PFAS in various product categories, which is a step in the right direction. However, the issue requires a European approach. This is why Testachats is calling on EU Member States to take urgent steps to tackle the problem.
Why are PFAS dangerous?
PFAS are man-made chemical compounds produced and used by industry. Consumers are exposed to them mainly through what they eat and drink, through the air they breathe and through the many objects they use in their daily lives, such as food packaging and textiles.
However, they are also inhaled, for example through dust particles released when products containing these substances are degraded, such as furniture fabrics, textiles and kitchen utensils. Finally, these substances are also transferred to the foetus via the umbilical cord and to babies via breast milk. To a lesser extent, PFAS can also enter the body through prolonged skin contact.
Scientific studies show that chronic exposure to certain PFAS can lead to disruption of hormone levels, reproduction and growth, weakening of the immune system and a reduced immune response to vaccines. Some of these substances can also disrupt liver and lung function.
High concentrations of certain PFAS are linked to certain types of cancer. PFOA and PFOS have been banned. However, thousands of other per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances are still used, some of which will be banned from 2026.
